Description:
In Vehicle tracking project, you can track the location of your
Vehicle. This project gives Minute-by-minute updates about vehicle location by
sending sms through GSM modem. This SMS contains longitude and latitude of the
location of vehicle. Microcontroller is the central processing unit CPU of
our project. Microcontroller gets the coordinates from GPS modem and then it
sends this information to the user in Text SMS. GSM modem is used to send this
information via SMS. SMS will be sent to the owner of the vehicle.
GPS based Vehicle tracking
system is
required in many situations, like in case of car theft detection. This project
will be useful when our car is stolen. Also if somebody wants to track school
bus of their children, at that time it will be helpful to find out the location
of kids. One more situation is when some company wants to track the location of
the cab or transport bus of employee then in this case this vehicle tracking
system will be very useful.
In GPS tracking system the location of vehicle
is sent to remote place and it is done by GSM modem. Global Positioning System
(GPS) modem requires minimum 3 satellites to calculate the exact location. This
modem communicates only in single way with microcontroller. This means that it
can only transmit data to microcontroller. GPS Modem does not receive any data
from microcontroller. At the same time GPS modem does not send data to
Satellite, it only receives signal from satellites.
Block diagram
circuit diagram
Circuit Operation:
The project is vehicle positioning and navigation system we can locate the vehicle around the globe with 8052 micro controller, GPS receiver, GSM modem, MAX 232, EEPROM. Microcontroller used is AT89S52. The code is written in the internal memory of Microcontroller i.e. ROM. With help of instruction set it processes the instructions and it acts as interface between GSM and GPS with help of serial communication of 8052. GPS always transmits the data and GSM transmits and receive the data.
GPS pin TX is connected to microcontroller via MAX232. GSM pins TX and RX are connected to microcontroller serial ports.
The project is vehicle positioning and navigation system we can locate the vehicle around the globe with 8052 micro controller, GPS receiver, GSM modem, MAX 232, EEPROM. Microcontroller used is AT89S52. The code is written in the internal memory of Microcontroller i.e. ROM. With help of instruction set it processes the instructions and it acts as interface between GSM and GPS with help of serial communication of 8052. GPS always transmits the data and GSM transmits and receive the data.
GPS pin TX is connected to microcontroller via MAX232. GSM pins TX and RX are connected to microcontroller serial ports.
3.1.1 GPS GPS modules are popularly used for navigation, positioning,
time and other purposes. GPS antenna receives the location values from the
satellites. GPS
gives information about: International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering
and Applications (IJCSEA) Vol.3, No.3, June 2013 35
1) Message transmission time
2) Position at that time
3. GSM
GSM modem is used for transmitting and receiving the data. SIM 300 is
a tri- band GSM/GPRS engine.
It works on various
frequencies i.e. EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz.
AT commands are used to control MODEMs. AT is the abbreviation for Attention.
These commands come from Hayes commands that were used by the Hayes smart modems. The Hayes commands
started with AT to indicate the attention from the MODEM. The dial up and
wireless MODEMs (devices that involve machine to machine communication) need AT
commands to interact with a computer. These include the Hayes command set as a
subset, along with other extended AT commands.
1) AT - This command is used to check communication
between the module and the computer.
For example,
AT
OK
The command returns a result code OK if the computer (serial port)
and module are connected properly. If any of module or SIM is not working, it
would return a result code ERROR.
2) +CMGF - This command is used to set the SMS mode.
Either text or PDU mode can be selected by assigning 1 or 0 in the
command.
SYNTAX:
AT+CMGF=<mode>
0: for PDU mode
1: for text mode
The text mode of SMS is easier to operate but it allows limited
features of SMS. The PDU (protocol data unit)
allows more access to SMS services but the operator requires bit level
knowledge of TPDUs. The headers and body of SMS are accessed in hex format in
PDU mode so it allows availing more features.
For example,
AT+CMGF=1
OK
3) +CMGW - This command is used to store message in the
SIM.
SYNTAX: AT+CMGW=” Phone number”> Message to be stored Ctrl+z
As one types AT+CMGW and phone number, ‘>’ sign appears on next
line where one can type the message. Multiple line messages can be typed in
this case. This is why the message is terminated by providing a ‘Ctrl+z’
combination. As Ctrl+z is pressed, the following information response is
displayed on the screen.
+CMGW: Number on which message has been stored
4) +CMGS - This command is used to send a SMS message
to a phone number.
SYNTAX: AT+CMGS= serial number of
message to be send.
As the command AT+CMGS and serial number of message are entered,
SMS is sent to the particular SIM.
For example,
AT+CMGS=1
OK
5) ATD - This command is used to dial or call a
number.
SYNTAX:
ATD<Phone number>;(Enter)
For example,
ATD123456789;
6) ATA - This command is used to answer a call. An
incoming call is indicated by a message ‘RING’ which is repeated for every ring
of the call. When the call ends ‘NO CARRIER’ is displayed on the screen.
SYNTAX: ATA(Enter)
As ATA followed by enter key is pressed, incoming call is
answered.
For example,
RING
RING
ATA
7) ATH - This command is used to disconnect remote
user link with the GSM module.
SYNTAX: ATH
(Enter)
List of AT commands:
The AT commands for both, GSM module and the mobile phone, are
listed below. Some of these commands may not be supported by all the GSM
modules available. Also there might be some commands which won’t be supported
by some mobile handsets.
Testing :
Command
|
Description
|
AT
|
Checking communication
between the module and computer.
|
Call control :
Command
|
Description
|
ATA
|
Answer command
|
ATD
|
Dial command
|
ATH
|
Hang up call
|
ATL
|
Monitor speaker loudness
|
ATM
|
Monitor speaker mode
|
ATO
|
Go on-line
|
ATP
|
Set pulse dial as default
|
ATT
|
Set tone dial as default
|
AT+CSTA
|
Select type of address
|
AT+CRC
|
Cellular result codes
|
Data card Control :
Command
|
Description
|
ATI
|
Identification
|
ATS
|
Select an S-register
|
ATZ
|
Recall stored profile
|
AT&F
|
Restore factory settings
|
AT&V
|
View active configuration
|
AT&W
|
Store parameters in given
profile
|
AT&Y
|
Select Set as power up option
|
AT+CLCK
|
Facility lock command
|
AT+COLP
|
Connected line identification
presentation
|
AT+GCAP
|
Request complete capabilities
list
|
AT+GMI
|
Request manufacturer
identification
|
AT+GMM
|
Request model identification
|
AT+GMR
|
Request revision
identification
|
AT+GSN
|
Request product serial number
identification (IMEI)
|
Phone control :
Command
|
Description
|
AT+CBC
|
Battery charge
|
AT+CGMI
|
Request manufacturer
identification
|
AT+CGMM
|
Request model identification
|
AT+CGMR
|
Request revision
identification
|
AT+CGSN
|
Request product serial number
identification
|
AT+CMEE
|
Report mobile equipment error
|
AT+CPAS
|
Phone activity status
|
AT+CPBF
|
Find phone book entries
|
AT+CPBR
|
Read phone book entry
|
AT+CPBS
|
Select phone book memory
storage
|
AT+CPBW
|
Write phone book entry
|
AT+CSCS
|
Select TE character set
|
AT+CSQ
|
Signal quality
|
Computer data interface :
Command
|
Description
|
ATE
|
Command Echo
|
ATQ
|
Result code suppression
|
ATV
|
Define response format
|
ATX
|
Response range selection
|
AT&C
|
Define DCD usage
|
AT&D
|
Define DTR usage
|
AT&K
|
Select flow control
|
AT&Q
|
Define communications mode
option
|
AT&S
|
Define DSR option
|
AT+ICF
|
DTE-DCE character framing
|
AT+IFC
|
DTE-DCE Local flow control
|
AT+IPR
|
Fixed DTE rate
|
Service :
Command
|
Description
|
AT+CLIP
|
Calling line identification presentation
|
AT+CR
|
Service reporting control
|
AT+DR
|
Data compression reporting
|
AT+ILRR
|
DTE-DCE local rate reporting
|
Network Communication parameter :
Command
|
Description
|
ATB
|
Communications standard
option
|
AT+CBST
|
Select bearer service type
|
AT+CEER
|
Extended error report
|
AT+CRLP
|
Radio link protocol
|
AT+DS
|
Data compression
|
Miscellaneous :
Command
|
Description
|
A/
|
Re-execute command line
|
AT?
|
Command help
|
AT*C
|
Start SMS interpreter
|
AT*T
|
Enter SMS block mode protocol
|
AT*V
|
Activate V.25bis mode
|
AT*NOKIATEST
|
Test command
|
AT+CESP
|
Enter SMS block mode protocol
|
SMS Text mode :
Command
|
Description
|
AT+CSMS
|
Select message service
|
AT+CPMS
|
Preferred message storage
|
AT+CMGF
|
Message format
|
AT+CSCA
|
Service centre address
|
AT+CSMP
|
Set text mode parameters
|
AT+CSDH
|
Show text mode parameters
|
AT+CSCB
|
Select cell broadcast message
types
|
AT+CSAS
|
Save settings
|
AT+CRES
|
Restore settings
|
AT+CNMI
|
New message indications to TE
|
AT+CMGL
|
List messages
|
AT+CMGR
|
Read message
|
AT+CMGS
|
Send message
|
AT+CMSS
|
Send message from storage
|
AT+CMGW
|
Write message to memory
|
AT+CMGD
|
Delete message
|
SMS PDU mode :
Command
|
Description
|
AT+CMGL
|
List Messages
|
AT+CMGR
|
Read message
|
AT+CMGS
|
Send message
|
AT+CMGW
|
Write message to memory
|
MICRO-CONTROLLER UNIT:
Micro-controller unit is constructed with
ATMEL 89C51 Micro-controller chip. The ATMEL AT89C51 is a low power, higher
performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of flash programmable and
erasable read only memory (PEROM). Its highdensity non-volatile memory
compatible with standard MCS-51 instruction set makes it a powerful controller
that provides highly flexible and cost effective solution to control
applications.
The 8051 series of microcontrollers are highly
integrated single Chip microcomputers with an 8-bit CPU, memory, interrupt
controller, timers, Serial I/O and digital I/O on a single piece of silicon.
The 8051 is an 8-bit Machine. Its memory is organized in bytes and practically
all its instruction deal with byte quantities. It uses an Accumulator as the
primary register for instruction Results. Other operands can be accessed using
one of the four different addressing modes available: register implicit,
direct, indirect or immediate. Operands reside in one of the five memory spaces
of the 8051. The five memory spaces of the 8051 are: Program Memory, External
Data Memory, Internal Data Memory, Special Function Registers and Bit Memory.
contact us : Div Yesh
microcontroller.in@gmail.com
